Earth Science & Geology Quiz
Earth Science & Geology · Expert
20 questions · Unlimited attempts · Free online practice
Earth's landscapes are constantly changing, shaped by powerful natural forces over millions of years. Earth science and geology help us understand how mountains rise, rivers carve...
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All 20 questions in this Earth Science & Geology quiz
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What is the name of the dark basaltic rock that forms the ocean floor?
- A. Quartzite
- B. Basalt
- C. Granite
- D. Gabbro
-
What is the name of the rock type that forms from compressed plant and animal remains over millions of years?
- A. Chert
- B. Shale
- C. Limestone
- D. Coal
-
Which country has the most volcanoes?
- A. Iceland
- B. Japan
- C. Indonesia
- D. USA
-
What is the name of the period of Earth's history from 252 to 66 million years ago when dinosaurs dominated?
- A. Cenozoic
- B. Mesozoic
- C. Precambrian
- D. Paleozoic
-
What is the name of the layer of permanently frozen ground found in Arctic and subarctic regions?
- A. Cryosphere
- B. Periglacial
- C. Tundra
- D. Permafrost
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What is the name of the process by which rocks break down through chemical reactions with water, oxygen, and acids?
- A. Erosion
- B. Chemical weathering
- C. Physical weathering
- D. Abrasion
-
What is the name of the region of Earth's interior between the crust and the outer core?
- A. Geosphere
- B. Mantle
- C. Asthenosphere
- D. Lithosphere
-
What is the name of the process by which rocks break down in place without being transported?
- A. Deposition
- B. Weathering
- C. Erosion
- D. Compaction
-
What is the name of the boundary between two different sedimentary rock layers representing a gap in the geological record?
- A. Unconformity
- B. Disconformity
- C. Angular unconformity
- D. Fault
-
What is the name of the scale used to measure the hardness of minerals?
- A. pH Scale
- B. Beaufort Scale
- C. Richter Scale
- D. Mohs Scale
-
What is the name of the original scale used to measure earthquake magnitude - now largely replaced?
- A. Rossi-Forel Scale
- B. Mercalli Scale
- C. Moment Magnitude Scale
- D. Richter Scale
-
What is the name of the spectacular rock formation created when minerals from acidic water deposit over thousands of years in caves?
- A. Speleothem
- B. Flowstone
- C. Stalagmite
- D. Soda straw
-
What is the name of the volcanic rock that can float on water due to its high porosity?
- A. Rhyolite
- B. Tuff
- C. Pumice
- D. Scoria
-
What is the name of the boundary between the crust and the mantle in Earth's interior?
- A. Mohorovii discontinuity
- B. Lehmann discontinuity
- C. Conrad discontinuity
- D. Gutenberg discontinuity
-
What is the name of the global ocean circulation system driven by differences in water temperature and salinity?
- A. Thermohaline circulation
- B. ENSO
- C. Gulf Stream
- D. El Nio
-
What is the name of the layer of rock just below the soil in which plant roots grow?
- A. Parent material
- B. Bedrock
- C. Subsoil
- D. Regolith
-
What type of volcano has gently sloping sides built from many layers of fluid lava flows?
- A. Caldera
- B. Shield volcano
- C. Stratovolcano
- D. Cinder cone
-
What is the name of the igneous rock that forms the bulk of the continental crust?
- A. Andesite
- B. Granite
- C. Basalt
- D. Diorite
-
What is the name of the slow movement of soil down a slope caused by gravity?
- A. Rockfall
- B. Creep
- C. Solifluction
- D. Slumping
-
What is the name of the geological time unit that encompasses the formation of Earth to the first complex life approximately 541 million years ago?
- A. Archean
- B. Precambrian
- C. Hadean
- D. Paleozoic